produce an effect . So was the TV quiz show. But with the TV 
effect there is deep audience participation . Movie and drama do 
not permit as much participation as that afforded by the 
mosaic mesh of the TV image. So great was the audience 
participation in the quiz shows that the directors of the show 
were prosecuted as con men. Moreover, press and radio ad 
interests, bitter about the success of the new TV medium, were 
delighted to lacerate the flesh of their rivals. Of course the 
riggers had been blithely unaware of the nature of their 
medium, and had given it the movie treatment of intense 
realism, instead of the softer mythic focus proper to TV. 
Charles Van Doren merely got clobbered as an innocent 
bystander, and the whole investigation elicited no insight into 
the nature or effects of the TV medium. Regrettably, it simply 
provided a field day for the earnest moralizers. A moral point of 
view too often serves as a substitute for understanding in